[Ainu][Buryat][Even][Evenki][Chukchi][Itelmen][Ket][Koryak][Negidal][Nanai][Oroch][Orok][Shor][Soyot][Tuvan][Tofa] [Udege][Ulch][Yakut][Kolyma Yukaghir][Tundra Yukaghir][Aleut]
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Nivkh or Gilyak (self-designation: Нивхгу диф Nivxgu dif) is a language spoken in Outer Manchuria, in the basin of the Amgun (a tributary of the Amur), along the lower reaches of the Amur itself, and on the northern half of Sakhalin. 'Gilyak' is the Manchu appellation. Its speakers are known as the Nivkh people. Nivkh is divided into four dialects, the Amur dialect, the North Sakhalin dialect, the South Sakhalin dialect, and the East Sakhalin dialect. The lexical and phonological differences between the dialect spoken by the Nivkhs of the Amur River basin and the dialect spoken by the Nivkhs of Sakhalin Island are so great that some linguists have classified them as two distinct languages belonging to a small Nivkh language family. Other linguists have emphasized the high degree of variability of usage among all Nivkhs; even within the Amur or Sakhalin dialect zone, there is said to be great diversity depending on the village, clan, or even individual speaker.
Nivchština nebo též giljačtina (nivchsky: Нивхгу диф; japonsky: ニヴフ語/ギリヤーク語, nivufu-go/girijaku-go) je osamocený jazyk, jímž mluví zhruba 1000 lidí na ostrově Sachalin a v nížinách řeky Amur. Do roku 1953 byl psán latinkou, poté cyrilicí. Ze zhruba 4 500 Nivchů mluví tímto jazykem přibližně 20 %, ostatní přejali jako mateřský jazyk ruštinu.